Insignia of Kharkov Region

 

KHARKOV REGION

Did you know?
The territory of Kharkov region could well contain such countries as Belgium, Luxembourg, Monaco, Vatican, Malta, and Liechtenstein put together, and with their populations.
But what the deuce do they need it for?

 
The Region Council of Deputies
Kharkov Surroundings. Nature and Climate
Agriculture
The History of Slobozhanshchina and the Glorious Kharkov City
Towns of Kharkov Region

Kharkov region was formally created on the 27 February 1932.

Kharkov region is situated in the north-eastern part of Ukraine. In the North and north-east it borders on Belgorod region of Russia, in the East - on Voroshilovgradsk region, in the south-east - on Donetsk region, in the south-west - on Dnepropetrovsk region, in the West and north-west - on Poltava and Sumy regions of Ukraine. The territory is 31.4 thousand square kilometres. The extension along the south north line is 210 km, along the east west line - 220 km.

The relief of the region is a slightly rolling plain with a small incline in the south-west (towards the Dniper watercourse) and in the south-east (towards the Don watercourse) directions. On the north- east the Mid Russian Eminence forms part of the region, on the south - the spurs of Donetsk range.

The Don basin accounts for 75% of the region water resources. The main water way - the Seversky Donets - is the right hand tributary of the Don. The total length of 867 rivers is 6.4 thousand km, the length of 156 of those rivers being more than 10 km each. There are also lakes in the region, the biggest of which is Liman. About 50 artificial reservoirs were created, the biggest of them are Krasnooskolskoye, Pechenezhskoye, Krasnopavlovskoye. The course of Dniper-Donbass water channel runs through the territory of the region.

Kharkov region is divided into 25 districts, on its territory there are 16 towns, 62 urban settlements, and 1861 villages hamlets. The biggest towns are Kharkov with a population of 1,500,000 people, Izyum, and Lozovaya. Other important towns are Kupyansk, Chuguyev, Balakleya, Bogodukhov, Zmiyov.

The region's population is about 3,170 thousand people. 78.8% live in towns. The average density of population is 100 people per one square kilometre.

The region has a high level of economic development. The reasons for that being its beneficial economic geographical position (proximity to coal and metal resources of Donbass and Trans-Dniper region contributed to the development of mechanical engineering and metal working industries, neighbouring highly developed regions of Russia - Black Earth belt region, South-western and Southern regions predetermined the development of the agricultural branch) and richness of its own raw materials sources. These resources help to develop fuel and energy industry, chemical industry, glass and porcelain and faience production, materials for construction.

The region can be relatively divided in three industrial zones: Central, East Kharkov and South Kharkov. The Central zone (Kharkov and the adjacent districts) is characterised by a high level specialisation and industry concentration, this zone is Ukraine's leading centre of energy, electromechanical, transport and agriculture mechanical engineering. East Kharkov zone is situated around Kupyansk. The leading industry is mechanical engineering, Kupyansk foundry supplies parts for transport and agriculture mechanical engineering. Food production and light industry are also developed here, as well as construction materials, equipment for sugar production. South Kharkov zone is rich in gas deposits - Shebelinskoye, Yefremovskoye, Krestishchenskoye and others. The towns inside this zone are specialised in mechanical engineering, chemical industry and construction materials production. Concrete and roofing slate producing plant in Balakleya is one of the biggest in Europe, and Izyum is known as the centre of eyeglasses lenses. Light industry and food production are also developed here.

Kharkov region agriculture is specialised in grain, sugar beet, sunflower, meat, milk, vegetables, and fruit production. A large selection centre "Ukrainka" is situated in the region.

Kharkov region has a good transport network, and 60% of transport shipping is railway share. The total railway length is as much as 1442 km! Besides that Kharkov railway node serves 10,000,000 passengers in one year. The motorway transport though outstrips the railway in the amount of passenger traffic: the buses serve almost 12,000,000 people in a year. The most important motorways going through the region are Kharkov - Moscow, Kharkov - Simferopol, Kharkov - Rostov-on-Don, Kharkov - Poltava. There are 16 interregional, 68 inner regional and 342 district couch routes. The total motorway length is 15 thousand kilometres. Kharkov airport has 200 flights a day, almost all of them are passenger flights.     

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